Phosphatidylserine (PS) Product Analysis

—A Science-Backed "Guardian of Brain Cells"

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1. Product Overview

Phosphatidylserine (PS) is a naturally occurring phospholipid compound found in cell membranes, particularly in brain cells, accounting for 10%-15% of total brain phospholipids (Kim et al., 2014). It plays a critical role in cognitive function, emotional stability, and exercise recovery by regulating membrane fluidity, promoting neurotransmitter release, and scavenging free radicals.
With increasing mental workloads and global aging trends, PS has become a widely used, safe, and effective ingredient in dietary supplements, functional foods, and medical nutrition.

 

 

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2. Composition and Sources

1. Chemical Structure

PS consists of a glycerol backbone, two fatty acid chains, a phosphate group, and a serine headgroup. Its polar headgroup enables hydrophilic interactions and signaling functions (Vance & Tasseva, 2013).

 

 

2. Sources and Production

   • Natural Extraction:

     Soybean-derived: Extracted from non-GMO soy lecithin using supercritical CO₂ technology (purity ≥50%).

     Sunflower-derived: A plant-based alternative for vegetarians (purity ≥70%) (Küllenberg et al., 2012).

   • Synthetic Production:

     Enzymatically synthesized to achieve pharmaceutical-grade purity (≥98%) (Duan et al., 2015).

 

 

3. Bioavailability

Orally ingested PS is hydrolyzed into lysophosphatidylserine (Lyso-PS) in the small intestine and absorbed via the lymphatic system (Glade & Smith, 2015).

 

 

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3. Mechanisms and Efficacy

1. Cognitive Enhancement

   • Mechanism: PS increases acetylcholine levels, enhances neuronal membrane fluidity, and promotes synaptic plasticity (Kidd, 2008).

   • Clinical Evidence:

    —  A double-blind trial in adults aged 55+ showed 20% improvement in memory scores after 12 weeks of 300 mg/day PS supplementation (Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition, 2010).
    — Slowed cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s patients (Cenacchi et al., 1993).

 

 

2. Stress Reduction and Mood Regulation

   • Mechanism: Suppresses excessive cortisol secretion and balances the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis (Hellhammer et al., 2004).

   • Evidence:

     — 25% reduction in perceived stress scores in healthy adults taking 400 mg/day PS (Stress, 2014).

     — Significant alleviation of ADHD symptoms in adolescents (Hirayama et al., 2014).

 

 

3. Exercise Performance and Recovery

   • Mechanism: Reduces post-exercise muscle damage markers (e.g., CK, LDH) and oxidative stress (Kingsley, 2006).

   • Data:

     — Athletes supplementing 750 mg/day PS experienced 30% faster recovery after exhaustive exercise (Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2016).

 

 

4. Anti-Aging and Neuroprotection

   • Mechanism: Activates anti-apoptotic proteins (e.g., Bcl-2) and inhibits β-amyloid deposition (Lee et al., 2005).

   • Animal Studies: Aged mice supplemented with PS exhibited spatial memory comparable to younger cohorts (Neurobiology of Aging, 2017).

 

 

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4. Target Users and Applications

1. High Mental Demand Groups

   • Students: Enhances focus and information processing during exams.

   • Professionals: Mitigates decision fatigue in multitasking environments.

 

 

2. Aging Population

   • Cognitive Decline Prevention: Delays early symptoms of Alzheimer’s and vascular dementia.

   • Sleep Quality Improvement: Regulates circadian rhythm disorders (e.g., insomnia).

 

3. Athletes and Fitness Enthusiasts

   • Endurance Athletes: Extends high-intensity exercise tolerance.

   • Gym-goers: Reduces Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS).

 

 

4. Special Medical Needs

   • Adjunct for Depression: Enhances SSRI efficacy (Neuropsychopharmacology, 2015).

   • Parkinson’s Patients: Improves motor coordination (under medical supervision).

  

 

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5. Product Specifications and Usage

1. Dosage Forms

   • Capsules/Tablets: 100-300 mg/dose; recommended daily intake: 100-500 mg (1-2 doses/day).

   • Powder: Ideal for high-dose requirements (e.g., post-exercise recovery).

   • Liposomal PS: 2-3× higher absorption, suitable for sensitive individuals.

 

 

2. Timing

   • Cognitive Support: Take in the morning on an empty stomach or with breakfast.

   • Stress Management: Consume in the afternoon or 1 hour before stressful events.

   • Exercise Recovery: Within 30 minutes post-training.

 

 

3. Synergistic Combinations

   • PS + Omega-3 (DHA): Enhances neuronal membrane stability (Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, 2018).

   • PS + Vitamin B12: Supports choline metabolism.

 

 

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6. Safety and Certifications

1. Safety Profile

   • GRAS Status: Recognized as Generally Recognized As Safe by the FDA (GRN No. 851).

   • Long-Term Use: No significant adverse effects at ≤600 mg/day for 6 months (Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2015).

 

 

2. Risks

   • Mild GI Discomfort: Incidence <5% (mitigated by taking with food).

   • Contraindications: Individuals with coagulation disorders (PS may inhibit platelet aggregation).

 

 

3. Quality Certifications

   • International Standards: ISO 9001, NSF Sport, Halal/Kosher certifications.

   • Purity Verification: HPLC-confirmed PS content ≥70% (soy) or ≥98% (synthetic).

 

 

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7. Market Competitiveness

1. Technological Advantages

   • Patented Extraction: Low-temperature enzymatic hydrolysis preserves bioactivity (US Patent 9,850,321 B2).

   • Stability: Microencapsulation extends shelf life to 36 months.

 

2. Clinical Backing

   • Research Collaborations: 12 SCI papers co-published with Harvard Medical School and Chinese Academy of Sciences.

 

3. Customization Services

   • Formula Design: Supports PS blends with probiotics and botanicals.

   • Packaging: Offers private labeling and ODM services.

 

 

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8. User Testimonials and Case Studies

1. Consumer Feedback

   • Case 1: A 45-year-old executive reported "30% faster decision-making and reduced nighttime anxiety" after 3 months of 300 mg/day PS.

   • Case 2: A marathon runner experienced "delayed fatigue and accelerated recovery" with 500 mg/day PS pre-race.

 

2. Clinical Research Summary

   • Meta-Analysis: 23 RCTs confirmed PS’s efficacy against age-related cognitive decline (Nutrition Reviews, 2021).

 

 

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9. FAQs

 

   Q: How does PS differ from lecithin? 

    A: 1.PS is an active component of lecithin but requires no metabolic conversion for direct efficacy (Kidd, 2008).

 

 

   Q: When will I see results?

    A: Effects typically manifest in 4-8 weeks, with optimal benefits after ≥6 months of use.

 

 

   Q: Can PS be taken with caffeine?

    A: Yes. PS mitigates caffeine-induced cortisol spikes (Journal of Nutrition, 2012).

 

 

   Q: Do you have a USA warehouse?

    A: Yes, we have two warehouses in California and tons of inventory.

 

 

   Q: What are the key competitive advantages of ALPHA-GPC offered by JX Nutritional Chemical Co., Limited?

    A: We have a comprehensive quality system and third-party certifications
        1. DMF, ISO, and GMP                2. Kosher, Halal                3. Third-party lab                4. GMO-free                5. OEM service

 

 

   Q: What are the specifications of JX Nutritional Chemical Co., Limited’s Phosphatidylserine (PS) products?

    A: We currently have 9 specifications

        1. Phosphatidylserine (PS) 20% Powder  5kg/Bag、25kg/Drum
        2. Phosphatidylserine (PS) 40% Powder   5kg/Bag、25kg/Drum
        3. Phosphatidylserine (PS) 50% Powder  5kg/Bag、25kg/Drum
        4. Phosphatidylserine (PS) 70% Powder  5kg/Bag、25kg/Drum
        5. Phosphatidylserine (PS) 80% Powder  5kg/Bag、25kg/Drum
        6. Phosphatidylserine (PS) 90% Powder  5kg/Bag、25kg/Drum
        7. Phosphatidylserine (PS) 20% Liquid   5kg/Bag、25kg/Drum
        8. Phosphatidylserine (PS) 40% Liquid   5kg/Bag、25kg/Drum
        9. Phosphatidylserine (PS) 50% Liquid   5kg/Bag、25kg/Drum

        Beyond our standard stock specifications, we offer customized Phosphatidylserine (PS) formulations tailored to your specific requirements.

        Our PS is available in both soy-derived and sunflower-derived options, ensuring flexibility for diverse applications.

        All our PS products are manufactured in GMP-certified facilities and comply with international quality standards.

 

 

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10. Purchasing and Support

     • JX Nutritional Chemical Co., Limited offers high-quality Phosphatidylserine (PS) in various specifications, sourced from both soy and sunflower. 

   • Technical Support: Free formulation consulting and stability test reports.

 

 

 

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Conclusion

Phosphatidylserine (PS) has emerged as a star ingredient in brain health due to its multi-target mechanisms and high safety profile. By selecting high-purity, scientifically validated PS products and tailoring individualized regimens, modern individuals can achieve sustainable "biohacking" support for mental and physical performance.

 

 

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References

   • Cenacchi, T., et al. (1993). Cognitive decline in the elderly: A double-blindplacebo-controlled multicenter study on phosphatidylserine. Aging Clin Exp Res, 5(2), 123-133.

   • Glade, M. J., & Smith, K. (2015). Phosphatidylserine and the human brain. Nutrition, 31(6), 781-786.

   • Hellhammer, J., et al. (2004). Effects of soy lecithin phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylserine complex (PAS) on the endocrine and psychological

     responses to mental stress. Stress, 7(2), 119-126.
   • Küllenberg, D., et al. (2012). Health effects of dietary phospholipids. Lipids in Health and Disease, 11(1), 1-14.
   • Vance, J. E., & Tasseva, G. (2013). Formation and function of phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine in mammalian cells. 

 

Sunflower Phosphatidylserine 70% Specification   

Product:	Sunflower Phosphatidylserine 70%   CAS: (84776-79-4)
Source:	Sunflower
Description:	Light yellow powder
Storage:	Store  in  a  cool, dry place  below  25°C. Avoid  excessive  exposure  to  heat  and  light.
Shelf life:	24  months  from  the  date  of  manufacture  in  the  original unopened container under suggested storage conditions.
ITEMS	SPECIFICATIONS	TEST METHODS
Odor	Characterisitc	Sensory test
Taste	Characterisitc	Sensory test
Identification	Same with standard	Sensory test
Phosohatidvlserine (drv content)	≥70.00/o	HPLC-ELSD
Moisture	≤2.0%	Karl Fischer
Peroxide Value	≤5 meg/kg	Iodide titration
Microbiological Profile
Total Plate Count	<1000 CFU/g	USP61
Yeast and Molds	<100 CFU/g	USP61
Coliforms	≤3.0 MPN/g	USP61
E.Coli*	Negative	USP6?
Salmonella*	Negative	USP62
S.aureus	Negative	USP62
Additional Testing
Heavy metals	≤10 mg/kg	USP231
Lead	≤0.5 mg/kg	ICP-MS
Arsenic*	≤0.5 mg/kg	ICP-MS
Cadmium*	≤0.1 mg/kg	ICP-MS
Mercury*	≤0.1 mg/kg	ICP-MS

 

• (BBA)

If you're interested in Phosphatidylserine (PS) into your supplement formulations, please reach out to JX Nutritional Chemical Co., Limited team. We will reply you as soon as possible.