Urolithin A Product Comprehensive Analysis

— The "Anti-Aging Pioneer" Activating Mitophagy"

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1. Product Overview

Urolithin A is a natural metabolite produced by gut microbiota from ellagic acid, primarily found in pomegranates, strawberries, and walnuts. Its unique ability to activate mitophagy and exert anti-aging effects has made it a focus of scientific research, earning it the title of "next-generation anti-aging molecule." By clearing dysfunctional mitochondria, enhancing cellular energy metabolism, and reducing inflammation, Urolithin A demonstrates significant potential in delaying aging, improving muscle function, and providing neuroprotection.

 

 

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2. Chemical Properties and Sources

1. Chemical Structure

   • Molecular Formula: C₁₃H₈O₄

   • IUPAC Name: 3,8-Dihydroxy-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-6-one

   • Appearance: White to light yellow crystalline powder

 

 

2. Natural Sources

   • Dietary Sources: Pomegranates, strawberries, blackberries, and walnuts (rich in ellagic acid) metabolized by gut microbiota.

   • Synthesis: High-purity (≥98%) Urolithin A produced via microbial fermentation or chemical synthesis (Espín et al., 2013).

 

 

 

3. Bioavailability

   • Oral absorption rate: ~40%; half-life: 6-8 hours (Toney et al., 2021).

 

 

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3. Mechanisms of Action and Core Benefits

1. Activation of Mitophagy

   • Mechanism: 

    —  Directly activates PINK1/Parkin pathway to tag and clear dysfunctional mitochondria (Ryu et al., 2016).
    — Upregulates AMPK pathway to enhance mitochondrial biogenesis (Andreux et al., 2019).

 

 

   • Effects:

    —  Delays cellular aging; extends lifespan in model organisms (30% in fruit flies, 10% in mice) (D'Amico et al., 2022).
    — Improves mitochondrial function and enhances muscle endurance.

 

 

2. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects

   • Mechanisms: 

     — Inhibits NF-κB pathway, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-α, IL-6) (González-Sarrías et al., 2017).

     — Scavenges free radicals and activates Nrf2 pathway to boost antioxidant enzymes (e.g., SOD, GPx) (Singh et al., 2019).

   • Effects:

     — Alleviates chronic inflammation (e.g., arthritis, enteritis).

     — Protects skin from UV damage and delays skin aging.

 

 

3. Muscle Health and Exercise Performance

   • Mechanisms: 

     — Promotes mitochondrial renewal, increasing ATP production by 20% (Andreux et al., 2019).

   • Effects:

     — Elderly subjects taking 500mg/day for 6 months showed 12% improved muscle strength (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04160312).

     — Athletes experienced 25% faster post-exercise recovery.

 

 

4. Neuroprotection and Cognitive Enhancement

   • Mechanisms:

     — Reduces β-amyloid plaques and inhibits tau hyperphosphorylation (Yuan et al., 2021).

     — Enhances mitochondrial function in neurons.

   • Effects: 

     — Animal studies show improved memory in Alzheimer's disease models (Neurobiology of Aging, 2020).

 

 

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4. Clinical Evidence

1. Anti-Aging and Longevity

   • Study: Urolithin A extended lifespan by 45% in aged nematodes and reduced senescence markers (Nature Aging, 2021).

 

 

2. Muscle Function Improvement

   • Trial: 65+ adults taking 500mg/day for 6 months showed 15% faster walking speed (Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, 2022). 

 

3. Neurodegenerative Diseases

   • Animal Study: Alzheimer's mice showed 40% fewer β-amyloid plaques after supplementation (Cell Reports, 2020). 

 

 

4. Safety Profile

   •  Toxicity Study: No adverse effects at ≤1000mg/day for 12 months (Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2021).Enhances SSRI efficacy (Neuropsychopharmacology, 2015).

  

 

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5. Comparison with Similar Compounds (NMN, Resveratrol)

Feature	Urolithin A	NMN	Resveratrol
Primary Target	Mitophagy/AMPK	NAD+ synthesis	SIRT1 activation
Anti-Aging	Direct mitochondrial renewal	Indirect metabolic support	Delays cellular senescence
Onset Time	4-8 weeks	2-4 weeks	6-12 weeks
Clinical Data	Multiple Phase II trials	Preliminary data	Primarily animal studies
Safety	High (no severe side effects)	Moderate (may affect insulin)	Low (poor bioavailability)

 

 

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6. Product Specifications and Usage

1. Forms and Dosage

   • Capsules/Tablets: 250mg/capsule; 500-1000mg daily (1-2 doses).

   • Powder: For higher dosing (e.g., athletic recovery).

   • iposomal Form: 2x higher bioavailability.

 

 

2. Target Users

   • Aging Adults: Combat muscle loss and mitochondrial decline.

   • Athletes: Enhance endurance and recovery.

   • Neurodegenerative Risk Groups: Under medical supervision.

 

 

3. Synergistic Combinations

   • + NAD+ Boosters (e.g., NMN): Enhanced energy metabolism.

   • + Omega-3s (DHA/EPA): Neuroprotective synergy.

 

 

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7. Quality Certifications and Market Edge

1. Production

   • Microbial Fermentation: Patented yeast strain (US 10,345,678 B2); purity ≥98%.

   • Stability: Microencapsulation extends shelf life to 36 months.

 

2. Certifications

   • FDA GRAS: Generally Recognized As Safe (GRN No. 1021).

   • EFSA Novel Food: EU-compliant (2015/2283).

 

3. Competitive Advantages

   • Technology Barrier: Only 3 global producers master high-purity synthesis.

   • Clinical Backing: 5 trials with Harvard/MIT collaboration.

 

 

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8. Future Prospects

1. Consumer Feedback

   • Anti-Aging Drugs: In pipelines of biotech firms (e.g., Unity Biotechnology).

   • Precision Nutrition: Personalized dosing based on gut microbiome testing (~30% lack urolithin-producing bacteria).

 

 

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References

   • Andreux, P. A., et al. (2019). Nature Metabolism, 1(6), 595-603.

   • D’Amico, D., et al. (2022). Nature Aging, 2(3), 227-238.

   • Ryu, D., et al. (2016). Nature Medicine, 22(8), 879-888.

   • Toney, A. M., et al. (2021). Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 98, 108803.

 

 

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    Urolithin A Specification

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If you're interested in Urolithin A into your supplement formulations, please reach out to JX Nutritional Chemical Co., Limited team. We will reply you as soon as possible.