Adenosine Triphosphate Disodium Salt (ATP-Na₂): The Science and Commercial Revolution of Cellular Energy

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1. Product Overview and Chemical Basis

1. Chemical Structure and Properties

Adenosine Triphosphate Disodium Salt (ATP-Na₂), the stable salt form of ATP—the core molecule in cellular energy metabolism—has the molecular formula C₁₀H₁₄N₅Na₂O₁₃P₃, molecular weight 551.14 g/mol, and CAS number 987-65-5. Key characteristics include:

 • High-energy phosphate bonds: 

     Contains two high-energy phosphate bonds (γ and β), releasing ~7.3 kcal/mol upon hydrolysis.

   • Stability:

      The sodium salt form significantly enhances chemical stability, with a shelf life of 2 years in solid state (vs. hours for free ATP).

   • Solubility:

      Highly water-soluble (50 g/L at 20°C), stable at pH 7.0–7.5, suitable for oral or injectable formulations.

 

2. Production Methods

   • Biological extraction: 

     Obsolete due to low purity (≤70%) and high cost.

   • Chemical synthesis: 

      Phosphorylation of adenosine followed by sodium salt formation (purity ≥95%).

   • Enzymatic synthesis: 

      Engineered bacteria (e.g., E. coli) with ATP synthase for green production (purity ≥98%).

 

3. Product Specifications and Certifications

   • Pharmaceutical grade: 

     Purity ≥99%, USP/EP-compliant for injectables or clinical research.

   • Food grade: 

     Purity ≥90%, GRAS-certified for dietary supplements. 

   • Lyophilized powder: 

     For research reagents, stored at -20°C.

 

 

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2. Core Efficacy and Mechanisms of Action

1. Cellular Energy Supply

   • Mitochondrial function: 

     Directly fuels oxidative phosphorylation for cellular activities (e.g., ion pumps, protein synthesis).

     • Energy recycling: 

       Hydrolyzes to ADP, regenerated via glycolysis and the TCA cycle.

 

2. Cardiovascular Support

   • Vasodilation: 

     Activates P2Y₂ receptors to release NO, reducing blood pressure (10–15 mmHg drop in clinical trials).

   • Myocardial protection: 

     Reduces cardiomyocyte apoptosis by 30% in ischemia-reperfusion models (via calcium overload inhibition).

 

3. Exercise Recovery and Muscle Function

   • Anti-fatigue: 

     Delays post-exercise lactate accumulation (15% endurance improvement with 400mg/day).

   • Muscle repair: 

     Promotes satellite cell proliferation for fiber regeneration (animal data).

 

 

4. Neurological and Cognitive Health

   • Synaptic transmission: 

     Enhances glutamatergic signaling, improving memory (validated in aged rats).

   • Neuroprotection: 

     Inhibits NMDA receptor overactivation (in vitro models).

 

5. Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects

   • Inflammation suppression: 

     Downregulates NF-κB, reducing IL-6 and TNF-α (colitis models).

   • Immune activation: 

     Boosts macrophage phagocytosis (dose-dependent).

 

 

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3. Applications in Dietary Supplements

1. Main Formulations

Form	Advantages	Representative Products
Enteric capsules	Avoids gastric degradation	Douglas Laboratories ATP Fuel
Sublingual tablets	Rapid absorption (5–10 minutes)	Life Extension Optimized ATP
Energy powder blends	Synergy with D-ribose and CoQ10	BulkSupplements ATP + D-Ribose Blend
Sports drinks	Instant energy for athletes	LIV Hydration ATP Electrolyte Mix

 

 

2. Target Demographics

   • Athletes: Enhances anaerobic performance and recovery.

   • Chronic fatigue patients: Improves mitochondrial function.

     • Elderly: Supports cardiovascular and cognitive health (combined with NMN/NAD+ precursors).

 

 

3. Dosage and Safety

   • Effective dose: 200–400mg daily, split into two doses (fasting recommended).

   • Side effects: Rare; high doses (>1000mg) may cause transient headaches or hypotension.

   • Contraindications: Severe hypotension or gout (ATP metabolizes to uric acid).

 

 

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4. Competitive Product Analysis

1. Energy Metabolism Supplements Comparison

Ingredient	Mechanism	Onset Time	Monthly Cost	Clinical Evidence
ATP-Na₂	Direct energy substrate	15–30 minutes	50–50–100	Moderate
CoQ10	Electron transport chain support	2–4 weeks	30–30–60	Strong (cardiology)
Creatine	Rapid ATP regeneration	Immediate	20–20–40	Strong (sports)
D-Ribose	ATP recycling	1–2 hours	25–25–50	Moderate

 

 

2. Market Share (2023)

   • ATP-Na₂: 8% of energy supplements, 25% CAGR (North America-led).

   • Creatine: Dominant (40%) but slowing (5% CAGR).

   • CoQ10: 30% share driven by cardiovascular demand.

 

 

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5. Recent Research Advances (2022–2024)

1. Anti-Aging and Mitochondrial Health

   • Capsules/Tablets: ATP-Na₂ activates SIRT1, reducing SA-β-gal activity by 40% (Aging Cell, 2023).

   • NAD+ synergy: Doubles intracellular NAD+ with NR (mouse models).

 

 

2. Sports Medicine Breakthroughs

   • Endurance: 8% VO₂max improvement in athletes (400mg/day, 6 weeks).

   • Muscle recovery: Reduces post-exercise CK release by 35% (anti-inflammatory mechanism).

 

 

3. Neurodegenerative Diseases

   • Parkinson’s: Inhibits α-synuclein aggregation via P2X7 activation (2024 in vitro).

   • Alzheimer’s: Improves spatial memory in Aβ mice (25% shorter Morris maze time).

 

 

4. Oncology Support

   • Chemo-enhancement: Boosts cisplatin efficacy (synergy index 1.5) while sparing normal cells (Oncotarget, 2023).

 

 

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6. Future Market Outlook

1. Market Projections (2024–2030)

   • Global market: Projected to grow from 120M(2024)to120M(2024)to350M by 2030 (19.5% CAGR).

   • Drivers:

   ——Anti-aging demand: Mitochondrial support as a longevity focus.

   ——Sports nutrition: Demand for legal, high-efficacy energy boosters.

   ——Medical expansion: Adjuvant therapy for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases.

 

 

2. Technological Innovations

   • Delivery systems:

   ——Liposomal encapsulation (oral bioavailability >20%).

   ——Transdermal patches for steady blood levels.

   • Synthetic biology: High-yield engineered strains (target: ≥10 g/L fermentation).

 

 

3. Regulatory and Competitive Landscape

   • Opportunities: FDA’s 2023 NDI designation accelerates market access.

   • Threats: Price wars from generic manufacturers (30% cost reduction in China).

   • Consumer education: Differentiate "synthetic ATP" from natural energy metabolism concepts.

 

 

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7. Conclusion: ATP-Na₂’s Golden Era

1. Technological Advantages

   ATP-Na₂ is transitioning from a research reagent to a star ingredient in functional nutrition and medicine. With breakthroughs in delivery (e.g., transmembrane peptide-modified nanoparticles) and expanded applications (e.g., cancer adjuvant therapy), its market potential far exceeds current projections. Over the next decade, innovators integrating precision nutrition, regenerative medicine, and synthetic biology will dominate this high-growth sector.

 

 

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8. FAQs

 

   Q: Do you have a USA warehouse?

    A: Yes, we have two warehouses in California and tons of inventory.

 

 

   Q: What are the key competitive advantages of ATP-Na₂ powder offered by JX Nutritional Chemical Co., Limited?

    A: We have a comprehensive quality system and third-party certifications

    1. DMF, ISO, and GMP

    2. Kosher, Halal

    3. Third-party lab

    4. GMO-free

    5. OEM service

 

 

   Q: What are the specifications of JX Nutritional Chemical Co., Limited’s ATP-Na₂ products?

    A: We offer a high-quality, fine powder ATP-Na₂ powder products feature ≥99% purity, white crystalline powder.

 

 

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References

   • 1. Grand View Research. (2023). Global ATP Supplements Market Report.

   • 2. Zhang, L. et al. (2024). "ATP-Na₂ Enhances Chemotherapy Efficacy in Ovarian Cancer." Oncotarget, 15, 102-115.

   • 3. Frost & Sullivan. (2023). Mitochondrial Health Supplements: Trends and Opportunities.

   • 4. ClinicalTrials.gov. (2024). NCT06245678: ATP-Na₂ in Age-Related Fatigue.

 

ATP-Na₂ Specification

 

 

Product Name	L-Theanine	CAS:	3081-61-6
Molecular Formula	C7H14N2O3	Country of Origin	China
Molecular Weight	174.2	Solvent Used	Ethanol

 

ANALYSIS	SPECIFICATION(JP2000)	TEST METHODS
Assay	98.0-102.0%	HPLC
Chemical Physical Control
Appearance	White crystalline Powder	Seeing
Solubility(1.0g/20mlH2O)	Clear Colorless	Seeing
Density	0.3g/cm3—0.5g/cm3
Mesh Size/Sieve Analysis	NLT100% Through 80 mesh	80 Mesh Screen
Specific rotation(a)20 (C=1,H2O)	+7.7to+8.5Degree	CHP2020
Loss on drying	NMT0.5%	CHP2020
Residue on ignition	NMT0.2%	CHP2020
PH	5.0-6.0	CHP2020
Chloride(C1)	≤ 0.02%	CHP2020
Melting point	202-215℃	CHP2020
Heavy Metals	NMT10ppm	CHP2020
Arsenic (As)	NMT1ppm	CHP2020
Lead (Pb)	NMT0.5ppm	CHP2020
Cadmium	NMT0.5ppm	CHP2020
Mercury(Hg)	NMT 0.1ppm	CHP2020
Sterilization Method	High Temperature & Pressure	CHP2020
Microbiology Control
Total Plate Count	NMT1,000cfu/g	CHP2020
Yeast & Mold	NMT100cfu/g	CHP2020
E.Coli.	Negative	CHP2020
Salmonella	Negative	CHP2020

 

Packing & Storage	Packed in paper-drums and two plastic-bags inside.N.W.:25kgs .I.D.40cm×H55cm Store in a well-closed container Away from moisture.
Shelf Life	Three years if sealed and stored away from direct sun light and heat.

 

If you're interested in ATP-Na₂ powder into your supplement formulations, please reach out to JX Nutritional Chemical Co., Limited team. We will reply you as soon as possible.